The Peer Academic Leadership (PAL) Program is seeking engaged undergraduate students to serve as Peer Academic Leaders (PALs) for the 2020-2021 Academic Year. This is a great opportunity for students interested in helping others while developing their leadership skills. The Peer Academic Leaders (PALs) Program consists of high achieving Douglass students who serve as academic advisors, mentors and Douglass ambassadors within the residence halls and throughout the community. These student leaders are comprehensively trained in both the fall and spring semesters to prepare them with the necessary skills and ... About Peer Success Coaching. The Peer Success Coaching (PSC) Program provides Purdue undergraduate students with an opportunity to meet one-on-one with a trained coach. PSCs support students as they navigate the college environment and learn to succeed academically, socially, and personally.In today’s fast-paced and competitive professional landscape, continuous growth and development are essential for success. One powerful tool that can unlock your growth potential i...Warner Bros. Discovery stock has outshone all other S&P 500 peers including Tesla and Meta so far in 2023, thanks to its Harry Potter-themed hit game "Hogwarts Legacy." Jump to War...Understanding Leadership. Effective leaders take a personal interest in the long-term development of their employees, and they use tact and other social skills to encourage employees to achieve ...Benefits of being a PASS Leader ... Peer Assisted Study Sessions leaders are trained to help first-year students learn more effectively through planned activities ...Examining the Relationship Between Leaders' Power Use, Followers' Motivational Outlooks, and Followers' Work Intentions. Taylor Peyton, 1, 2, * Drea Zigarmi, 3, 4 and Susan N. Fowler 3, 4 ... The nascent state of introjection as an academic concept may be affecting its measurement in our studies and, therefore, may be shaping our …Faculty of Science Peer Academic Leaders in Science (PALS) are your upper-year science peers. They volunteer their time to mentor and help first year students learn the ropes of university life. For any questions about this program, please contact Salwa Saeed, Recruitment and International Engagement Officer, Faculty of Science.Be an active mentee in Broward College’s Peer Mentoring program: Students must have met with their Peer Leader Mentor and have successful mentoring sessions for at least 1 full semester. Be at minimum at the 50% program or degree completion benchmark. Be in good academic standing. Be enrolled in a minimum of 6 credits (part-time).Ethical Leadership and Other-Praising Moral Emotions. Ethical leadership is conceptualized as the “demonstration of normatively appropriate conduct through personal actions and interpersonal relationships, and the promotion of such conduct to followers through two-way communication, reinforcement, and decision-making” (Brown et al., …Peer Academic Leaders (PALs) serve new students as advocates, teaching assistants, and mentors in the FYE 101: Succeed at the G class, a MAC Foundations course. PALs have the distinct leadership opportunity to help the students in their class section transition to college, get connected to campus resources, and establish a sense of belonging ...United States who responded to a national survey of peer leaders administered by the National Resource Center for The First-Year Experience and Students in Transition in 2009. Descriptive and inferential analyses indicate that survey respondents often hold more than one peer leader position, academic positionsMany key leadership principles have been adopted by this ‘mentors across borders’ community: leadership, management, and followership roles are rotated for different projects; emotional intelligence competencies such as self-management and relationship management are critical to maintaining the group; positive psychology …Peer Academic Leaders (PALs) are upperclass mentors for first-year students in University Honors. This opportunity is ideal for advanced students who embody UH leadership … Academic Specialists aid students in achieving academic success by helping them to develop an understanding of course content as well as effective study strategies. Academic Specialist Job Description. Peer Academic Leader. Peer Academic Leader (PALS) Program is a series of weekly review sessions for students taking historically difficult courses. This 8-item measure was developed using a U.S. business student sample (Study 1a) and validated using senior leaders in the U.K. (Study 1b) and an online paid subject pool from the U.S. (Study 1c). We then used the measurement tool to follow 65 teams of Irish business students for three months as they completed a complex business development ...Abstract. Renewed calls for democracy make it imperative that we understand the nature of democratic leadership. Existing definitions of democratic leadership are inconsistent and inadequate, so this essay provides a clear definition that applies to social groups both large and small. As defined herein, democratic leadership is conceptually ...In today’s fast-paced digital world, the way we handle money is constantly evolving. Gone are the days of writing checks or carrying around wads of cash. Instead, we have convenien...PALs are available for 1-1 appointments during their office hours if you prefer a more personalized experience. Peer Academic Leaders (PALs) are a diverse group of undergraduate students with the common goal of helping students better understand the general education requirements, utilize academic resources, and navigate academic challenges.John Decman and his colleagues examine the perceptions of superintendents in Texas, USA, about the Educational Leadership Constituents’ Council (ELCC) standards for leadership preparation. They interviewed 18 superintendents, to address research questions focused on district financial resources, involving stakeholders in decision-making, and ...We found evidence that peer leaders experience gains in content knowledge, academic success, and career readiness. Peer leader programs serve as useful additions to academic programs by aiding learning in classrooms and improving leadership abilities and content knowledge in advanced students.These practical examples are just some of many in the growing trend of leaders acting unethically for their own personal gain (e.g. Amir et al., 2014; Bird et al., 2012; Capezio and Mavisakalyan, 2016; Grace, 2006; Marsh, 1996).Now, more than ever, there is a need for research into positive styles of leadership that respond to these …In the world of science and research, peer-reviewed articles are considered the gold standard for disseminating knowledge. These articles undergo a rigorous review process by exper...Are you a researcher looking for an efficient way to organize your references and collaborate with peers? Look no further than Mendeley Desktop. This powerful software, developed b...The mission of the UCF Higher Education Coaching Academy is to educate, train, and certify current and future academic coaches and leaders, and to advance knowledge and understanding of the coaching culture that includes empowerment, change management, and quality assurance. Explore. Coaching Training Programs.Jun 26, 2020 · Empirically, laissez-faire leadership has been found to be associated with reduced subordinate effort (Bass & Stogdill, 1990), performance (Yammarino et al., 1993), job satisfaction, perceived leader effectiveness, and satisfaction with the leader (Judge & Piccolo, 2004); increased stress and interpersonal conflicts (Skogstad et al., 2007); and ... Definition. The formalized engagement of fellow students in a more senior role of advisement, teaching, mentoring, and coaching in the academic and/or personal development aspects of their learning experience in a college or university setting.Medicine Matters Sharing successes, challenges and daily happenings in the Department of Medicine You are invited to submit an abstract for the Poster Session during the collaborat... The Peer Academic Leader (PAL) Program is sponsored by the Dean of Studies Office. PALs seek to assist first-year, first-generation students with the transition to college through weekly meetings and “advising” sessions. KPE Peer Academic Leader (PAL) Deadline Thursday April 20 at 11:59 pm Number of Positions 2 positions Rate of Pay $15 Position Start Date May 2023 Position End Date August 2023 with possible extension to April 2024 Number of Hours per Week No more than 15 hours per week Department/Unit Overview Academic Success and the Faculty of …Regarding the links among leadership styles, work engagement, and employee outcome behaviors, a closer look at the related literature showed that the quality of leader–subordinate relationships (LMX), empowering leadership, and transformational leadership behavior were the most frequently discussed topics (Agarwal et al., 2012; Park et al ... Peer Academic Leaders (PALs) serve as mentors, teachers, and resources to students who take a First Year Seminar, or who opt to join a Freshman Interest Group (FIG). PALs assist first-time, first-year students by providing academic support and social opportunities while teaching students how to adjust to college life at UT Arlington. Understanding Leadership. Effective leaders take a personal interest in the long-term development of their employees, and they use tact and other social skills to encourage employees to achieve ... Our Peer Academic Leaders are a team of highly successful CNAS students who have been trained to assist our Learning Community students navigate undergraduate life in NASC093. They have demonstrated strong public speaking and interpersonal skills and are here to work with you through academics, developing success skills, exploring STEM careers ... Peer Academic Leaders (PALs) are current students who demonstrate a knowledge of the elements to be a successful student at Emporia State University. Every incoming student who has a First Year Advisor will automatically have a Peer Academic Leader. PALs help students identify barriers to academic success and assist them in creating action plans …Peer pressure is when someone influences another person’s decision about what to do or not to do, which can be positive or negative. Although peer pressure can occur at any age, it...Leadership in peer groups is an important issue in adolescent socioemotional development, yet it has received limited attention in research. This one-year longitudinal …Peer Academic Facilitators provide accountability for students on academic warning and probation and often work with confidential material. They also provide spiritual encouragement and accountability. The position is designed for an upperclassman who comes alongside and offers academic support and encouragement to peers, primarily students in ...The Wisconsin School of Business Leadership Academy develops its own aspiring academic leaders with a program tailored to each individual’s objectives. Skip …The studies that adopt a micro-perspective to the topic of leadership and digital technology can be classified in three different categories, depending on whether they focus on: (1) The increased complexity of C-level roles; (2) The skills e-leaders need; and (3) The practices for leading virtual teams effectively.Peer Academic Leader First Year Course Job Description Function: To provide first-year students with social and academic assistance in their transition to college for Academic Year 2020-21 through facilitating the UNIV 1131 class. Scope: Responsible for accurate dissemination of information on academic and student affairs policy, programs and …The COVID-19 pandemic has created an unprecedented crisis with momentous challenges for higher education institutions. Academic leaders have been charged with restructuring their systems, ensuring instructional quality while operating with significantly diminished resources. For department heads of units with leadership preparation programs, the …We run a centralised, day-long peer learning leader training available to all students across the university. For the details of what our training entails ... New Student Transitions & First Year Experience UNC Greensboro 202 Forney Student Success Commons VOICE: 336.334.5231 Peer-Leader Opportunities. We are so glad that you're considering joining ASLA's team of peer leaders! ASLA recruits new peer leaders during each winter and spring quarter, for the following academic year. While we have completed hiring for the 2024-25 academic year, you are still welcome to apply at any point during the year for consideration.In today’s fast-paced digital world, the way we handle money is constantly evolving. Gone are the days of writing checks or carrying around wads of cash. Instead, we have convenien...In addition, Peer Leaders help students develop a better understanding of campus resources and skills essential for academic success. As a result of having a Peer Leader, new students will: Develop a connection to the university community.Sep 23, 2017 · The formalized engagement of fellow students in a more senior role of advisement, teaching, mentoring, and coaching in the academic and/or personal development aspects of their learning experience in a college or university setting. Peer leaders are intentionally recruited, selected, and trained to be informed representatives of student support ... The benefits for students who are served by peer leaders have been widely documented and include positive effects on academic achievement, student retention, liking of the …Of the literature identified via our searches, we further considered only empirical studies that were published in peer-reviewed, SSCI (social sciences citation index) or ESCI ... We also critiqued academic leadership theories regarding generations and reviewed primary empirical studies that apply generational differences to understand …Be an active mentee in Broward College’s Peer Mentoring program: Students must have met with their Peer Leader Mentor and have successful mentoring sessions for at least 1 full semester. Be at minimum at the 50% program or degree completion benchmark. Be in good academic standing. Be enrolled in a minimum of 6 credits (part-time).Welcome to the Founders Peer Academic Leaders Page! This page will give you the opportunity to ask any questions you may have about: academics, Founders College, resources at York University and etc....Western Peer Leader Program. Student Experience recruits more than 500 student leaders each year. These student leaders are referred to as “Western Peer Leaders” and are current students (undergraduate or graduate) who volunteer or work for the areas within the Student Experience portfolio. If you want to contribute to the Western community ... Opportunity to assist with official office functions and programs. Ability to advance in various leadership positions within the Orientation program. For more information contact Tommy King in the Office of Orientation and Academic Success (CC106P), 806-651-2977 or [email protected]. We often find that leadership theory overemphasizes the influence of individuals. Such leader-centred leadership theories are condemned for their predominant emphasis on individual leaders when romanticizing their individual dispositions and abilities, depicting them as heroes and overestimating their influence and contributions (Alvesson and Jonsson, 2018; Collinson, 2011).Medicine Matters Sharing successes, challenges and daily happenings in the Department of Medicine This academic year already looks a lot different than any other year. We’ve had to... A Peer Success Coach (PSC) is a point-person who can offer guidance to students as they navigate life at Purdue. PSCs are student leaders who coach their peers through personal, academic, and social concerns such as developing study skills, connecting with campus resources, finding motivation, getting involved in campus activities and ... The Peer Academic Leader (PAL) Program is sponsored by the Dean of Studies Office. PALs seek to assist first-year, first-generation students with the transition to college through weekly meetings and “advising” sessions.Peer Academic Leaders (PALs) serve as mentors, teachers, and resources to students who take a First Year Seminar, or who opt to join a Freshman Interest Group (FIG). PALs assist first-time, first-year students by providing academic support and social opportunities while teaching students how to adjust to college life at UT Arlington.John Decman and his colleagues examine the perceptions of superintendents in Texas, USA, about the Educational Leadership Constituents’ Council (ELCC) standards for leadership preparation. They interviewed 18 superintendents, to address research questions focused on district financial resources, involving stakeholders in decision-making, and ...We measured leader self-awareness with the 4 items from the Leader Self-Awareness dimension of the Authentic Leadership Questionnaire (Avolio et al., 2018), provided by www.mindgarden.com. A sample item is: “My leader shows he or she understands how specific actions impact others.” Cronbach alpha of the scale was α = 0.91.The science of teamwork has been extensively studied, 1 and with good reason. Successful teams improve business outcomes, including revenue and performance. 2 Many organizations are intentionally fostering a collaborative team-based culture, 2 and feeling like a part of a team is a primary driver of employee engagement. 3 Prior to the …Management education is an academic discipline by which students are taught to be business leaders, managers and university professors in business education, according to Capella U...Leadership. Leadership is an international peer-reviewed journal that publishes the highest quality original research on leadership. Leadership is designed to provide an ongoing forum for academic researchers to exchange information, insights and knowledge on both theoretical development and empirical research on leadership. It will …Ned Kock is Killam distinguished professor and Chair of the Division of International Business and Technology Studies, in the A.R. Sanchez, Jr. School of Business, at Texas A&M International University. He holds degrees in electronics engineering (B.E.E.), computer science (M.S.), and management information systems (Ph.D.). Ned has …The mission of the Journal of Leadership Studies is to publish leadership research and theoretical contributions that bridge scholarship and practice and that exemplify critical inquiry into contemporary issues and paradigms. We promote interdisciplinary and interorganizational theory and foster dialogue that transcends specific contexts by ...JSL is a double-blind, peer-reviewed, interdisciplinary, academic journal published out of the Department of Student Leadership and Success Studies at Utah Valley University that addresses ideas, theories, and issues of leadership. Leadership Excellence Essentials (LEE) ... MLR is “an online, peer-reviewed, leadership studies journal based at …As expected from our initial scoping review, leadership or management journals published many of the articles in our SLR. However, as illustrated in Fig. 3, peer-reviewed journals from a variety of other fields published articles meeting our inclusion criteria, including the following: hotel and restaurant industry, military, research …Understanding Leadership. Effective leaders take a personal interest in the long-term development of their employees, and they use tact and other social skills to encourage employees to achieve ...Peer Academic Leader. PALs are the student course instructors for UNIV 1131 and 1101, and some also serve as live-on PALs in the residence halls. Job Description: Peer Academic Leader Job Description. Job Description: Peer Academic Leader Transfer Year Job Description. Job Opportunity . Graduate Student Proctor. Leadership in peer groups is an important issue in adolescent socioemotional development, yet it has
The Peer Academic Leadership (PAL) Program is seeking engaged undergraduate students to serve as Peer Academic Leaders (PALs) for the 2020-2021 Academic Year. This is a great opportunity for students interested in helping others while developing their leadership skills.The APN Leadership competency is conceptualized by Hamric et al. (Hamric et al., 2014) as occurring in four primary domains; in clinical practice with patients and staff, in professional organizations, in healthcare systems and in health policy‐making arenas. As stated above, this review focuses on the leadership competencies of APNs and CNLs.Second, despite the increasing academic interest in servant leadership, there is still a lack of coherence and clarity in the field. Although the majority of advances have appeared in top-tier management journals (e.g. Chen et al., ... (1998 to 2018) as 1998 was the year when the first peer-reviewed servant leadership scale by Lytle, Hom, and …Most research on the effect of leadership behavior on employees’ well-being and organizational outcomes is based on leadership frameworks that are not rooted in sound psychological theories of …Regarding the links among leadership styles, work engagement, and employee outcome behaviors, a closer look at the related literature showed that the quality of leader–subordinate relationships (LMX), empowering leadership, and transformational leadership behavior were the most frequently discussed topics (Agarwal et al., 2012; Park et al ...As the Fall 2023 semester fast approaches, the Office of General Education is pleased to announce the Peer Academic Leader program (PALs) relaunch. PALs are third- and fourth-year SMU students who have proven to be successful academically and are also highly involved on campus. Their mission as peer leaders will be to plan and facilitate ...Also, the development of new methods offers the potential for scientists to continue publishing in high-standard peer-reviewed journals and give them chances to progress in their career path. Although publishing in scientific journals might not be the most important motive of scientists working in service-based laboratories, this still provides a …Peer pressure is when someone influences another person’s decision about what to do or not to do, which can be positive or negative. Although peer pressure can occur at any age, it...This 8-item measure was developed using a U.S. business student sample (Study 1a) and validated using senior leaders in the U.K. (Study 1b) and an online paid subject pool from the U.S. (Study 1c). We then used the measurement tool to follow 65 teams of Irish business students for three months as they completed a complex business development ...As the Fall 2023 semester fast approaches, the Office of General Education is pleased to announce the Peer Academic Leader program (PALs) relaunch. PALs are third- and fourth-year SMU students who have proven to be successful academically and are also highly involved on campus. Their mission as peer leaders will be to plan and facilitate …Peer Academic Leaders (PALs) serve new students as advocates, teaching assistants, and mentors in the FYE 101: Succeed at the G class, a MAC Foundations course. PALs have the distinct leadership opportunity to help the students in their class section transition to college, get connected to campus resources, and establish a sense of belonging ...Peer Academic Leaders (PALs) are a diverse group of undergraduate students with the common goal of helping students better understand the general education requirements, utilize academic resources, and navigate academic challenges.In the world of science and research, peer-reviewed articles are considered the gold standard for disseminating knowledge. These articles undergo a rigorous review process by exper...Of the literature identified via our searches, we further considered only empirical studies that were published in peer-reviewed, SSCI (social sciences citation index) or ESCI ... We also critiqued academic leadership theories regarding generations and reviewed primary empirical studies that apply generational differences to understand …The purpose of this paper is to propose a composite framework for the intended outcomes of Christian leader development based on an analysis of scholarly literature on the topic, both from Christian and secular perspectives. Leader development, focusing on the individual to be developed, is a subset of the broader concept of … Desk Assistants. Refund Policy/Withdrawal from Housing. Residence Life Handbook. Peer Academic Leaders. William Paterson University. 300 Pompton Road. Wayne, New Jersey 07470. 973-720-2000. WP Home. Marshall Academic Resources include our Marshall Study Sessions and Cracking the Core workshop. Marshall Study Sessions are a supplement to classroom instruction and are led by Peer Academic Leaders (PALs) who assist students in understanding difficult concepts and building study skills and confidence in selected core course subjects. Marshall Study …Viewing leadership development as one’s own development is a basic way of conceptualization, and has some similarities to Freedman’s (1998) model of career paths in which the first step is managing oneself and focusing on your own work before becoming aware of yourself as a leader (Day and Harrison, 2007), or the initial stages in ...In today’s fast-paced and competitive professional landscape, continuous growth and development are essential for success. One powerful tool that can unlock your growth potential i...Peer leaders in the Peer-Guided Study Groups, Mentored Study Program, and Drop-In Tutoring programs take the SESP 291 course as part of their training. This two-quarter, 0.5-credit-per-quarter course is designed to help peer leaders. reflect on their academic leadership practice and develop self-evaluation skills.Peer tutors are available for academic and general writing assistance. You and your writing tutor can brainstorm, organize, and review an essay for class, a personal statement for a scholarship, or a cover letter for a job. Together, we can help you become a better writer. ... The Peer Leader program at California State University, Los Angeles, in partnership with …Developing peer leadership skills includes setting goals, planning and executing projects, communicating effectively, and resolving conflicts. In both your personal and professional lives, these skills can be invaluable. Gain confidence. Developing confidence in one’s abilities can be facilitated by peer leadership. Peer Academic Leader (PAL) Position Description. Peer Academic Leaders (PALs) are a diverse group of undergraduate students who share a common desire to help other students navigate academic challenges. Under the direction of the University Advising Center, PAL s work directly with first and second year residents, empowering them to take ... Peer Academic Leaders plan bi-weekly events to bring the Barrett student community together for fun, friendship and academic success. Past events have included registration events, study sessions, movie nights, visiting local attractions like the Japanese Friendship Garden and more. Most PAL events provide a free meal for participants!Leaders should not set up a coalition and expect it to succeed in the transformation, but rather work with the coalition to share the sense of the problems, opportunities, and commitment to the change process. In furtherance, leaders must appeal to the emotions of the members to motivate them to desire to achieve excellence (Kotter, 2012).Aug 3, 2022 · Moreover, we supported H2a since autocratic leadership resulted in higher leader ability ratings (M = 4.21, SD = 1.41) during the action phase than democratic leadership (M = 3.29, SD = 1.76; p < 0.05, see Figure 3) and also supported H2b since the indirect effect of autocratic leadership (as compared with democratic leadership) on follower ... Peer-Assisted Learning (PAL). Tutoring and Academic Support Services (TASS) offers UB's Peer-Assisted Learning (PAL) program, sometimes known as Supplemental ...In the realm of academic research, peer-reviewed journal articles play a crucial role in establishing the credibility and validity of scholarly work. These articles are subject to ...Jun 26, 2020 · Empirically, laissez-faire leadership has been found to be associated with reduced subordinate effort (Bass & Stogdill, 1990), performance (Yammarino et al., 1993), job satisfaction, perceived leader effectiveness, and satisfaction with the leader (Judge & Piccolo, 2004); increased stress and interpersonal conflicts (Skogstad et al., 2007); and ... Peer Leader Opportunities. There are a number of programs within OUE who look to recruit peer leaders including Academic Coaching, Academic Fellows, ESL Peer Tutoring, and EPASS Peer Tutoring. Some opportunities are on a volunteer basis, while others may carry college credit or financial remuneration which will be listed alongside the opportunity.Submit a completed Peer Leader application. Complete the interview process. Attend the Spring Peer Leader Meet & Greet event. If selected, enroll in UA 110 – Peer Leader 101 (one credit hour, graded course). Attend all class times for the compass course you are assigned. Create and sustain a positive working relationship with your compass ... The Peer Academic Leaders (PALs) Program consists of high achieving Douglass students who serve as academic advisors, mentors and Douglass ambassadors within the residence halls and throughout the community. These student leaders are comprehensively trained in both the fall and spring semesters to prepare them with the necessary skills and ... Most research on the effect of leadership behavior on employees’ well-being and organizational outcomes is based on leadership frameworks that are not rooted in sound psychological theories of …PAL is delivered by higher-level students (PAL Leaders), who have been through the same programme as you and will be able to give you insights and tips to help ...Medical journals play a crucial role in disseminating new research findings and advancements in the field of medicine. However, what sets them apart from other publications is the ...Senior Peer Academic Leader (Sr. PAL) Position Profile 2024-2025 Position: Senior Peer Academic Leader (Sr. PAL) Department: SJU Student Affairs, Student Advising Terms: Spring 2024, Fall 2024, Winter 2025 Number of Positions: 1 Hours: 4-10 hours per week Compensation: $1,500/term Reports to: Student AdvisorsIn today’s digital age, access to credible and reliable information is crucial, especially for researchers, scholars, and students. One valuable tool that has revolutionized the wa...increase in peer leaders who serve in academic roles such as first-year sem-inar leaders, tutors, academic mentors, peer advising, and teaching assis-tants (Keup 2010) …Peer Academic & Wellness (PAW) Leader. The PAW Leader position is a wonderful student leadership position that combines event planning with community building in an exciting and challenging residential setting. PAW Leaders provide community-wide activities focused in the following areas: academics, alcohol & drug awareness, and diversity & …Position: Peer Academic Leader (PAL) Department: SJU Student Affairs, Student Advising Terms: Fall 2024, Winter 2025 Number of Positions: 4-8 Hours: 3-5 hours per week Reports to: Sr. Peer Academic Leader(s), and ultimately, the Student Advisors Nature & Scope: Reporting to the Sr. Peer Academic Leader (Sr. PAL), a Peer Academic Leader (PAL) is aPeer Leaders are undergraduate students that work in conjunction with a Lead Instructor to guide discussions within a section of FYS 101. Discussions are anchored around increasing the sense of belonging on the Syracuse University campus. Peer Leaders will lead two FYS 101 class discussions throughout the semester and will directly communicate ...In the world of academic research, scholarly articles hold a significant position. These articles are written by experts in specific fields and go through a rigorous peer-review pr... Mindfulness. Given the heterogeneous strands of research on mindfulness, definitions of the construct va